blood type b and covid vaccine side effects blood type b and covid vaccine side effects

Up to 10 percent of people who have COVID experience side effects" such as difficulty thinking, pain, tiredness, loss of taste and depression. The blood group types did not affect the clinical outcomes. A previous study in the journal Blood Advances from 2020 also affirmed this research, adding that people with Type O blood seem to be more protected from Covid. This "Covid arm" rash can be red, itchy, swollen, or painful. YL, SW, and WY were involved in the project management and organizational work. Opens in a new tab or window, Share on Twitter. Introduction: In China, the long-term immunogenicity and adverse effects of inactivated vaccines produced by different or the same manufacturer remain unclear. They noted conflicting research about blood types and COVID, with studies around the world finding links between the two -- particularly, increased susceptibility in people with type A and/or decreased risk with type O -- while others found no links. Antigen-specific humoral immune responses were detected using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) anti-SARS-CoV-2 S kit (Shanghai GeneoDx Biotech, Ltd., Co., Shanghai, China), which detects neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) on a universal microplate reader (DNM-9602; Beijing Pulang Ltd., Co., Beijing, China); values > 6.5 IU/mL were considered positive. Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines Some people have no side effects. But the seemingly-banal detail might be a factor in who is most susceptible to Covid 19. Received: 25 November 2022; Accepted: 20 February 2023;Published: 03 March 2023. All Rights Reserved. Along with its needed effects, sars-cov-2 (covid-19) mrna-1273 vaccine (the active ingredient contained in Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine) may cause some unwanted effects. We also evaluated CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, B-cell counts, and IFN- and IL-6 levels after stimulation with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 in 543, 539, 513, and 512 individuals, respectively. Amyloid -related angiitis of the central nervous system occurring after COVID-19 vaccination: A case report. document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', function() { Rachael Schultz is a freelance writer who focuses primarily on why our bodies and brains work the way they do, and how we can optimize both (without losing our sanity). Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on Twitter. Wheatley AK, Juno JA, Wang JJ, Selva KJ, Reynaldi A, Tan HX, et al. It varies from person to person, but how dramatic the initial response is does not necessarily relate to the long-term response. The number of participants was relatively small, and at the time of the clinical study design, the administrators did not advocate the administration of vaccines from different manufacturers for separate doses. Association between mRNA vaccination and COVID-19 hospitalization and disease severity. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Researchers think the clotting may be triggered by the high . Vaccine (2022) 40:218490. After adjusting for age, sex, occupation, blood type, interval between doses of vaccination, vaccination duration, and BMI, the highest geometric mean concentration (GMC) of neutralizing antibodies was 53.1 IU/mL in the same-manufacturer vaccination group at 1530 days, which was slightly but significantly higher than the 44.6 IU/mL found in the mixed-manufacturer vaccination group (p < 0.001) (Table2; Figure2B). "Or by being Type O, the virus gets in but the A antibody prevents it from docking with enough cells to cause disease. Factors that influence humoral and cellular immune responses were defined within 240 days in individuals vaccinated with an inactivated Chinese vaccine. Lustig Y, Sapir E, Regev-Yochay G, Cohen C, Fluss R, Olmer L, et al. BM, GC, and ZW contributed to the collection and interpretation of the laboratory and clinical data. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 booster in ChAdOx1-s-primed participants (CombiVacS): A multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(21)00220-4, 19. Shutterstock The researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Canada, examined the test results of 225,556 Canadians who had been tested for COVID-19 between Jan. 15 and Jun. An independent data-monitoring committee, comprising independent scientists not involved in this study, has been reviewing the data regularly for safety and scientific integrity. B negative red blood cells can be given to both B and AB patients. The levels of cellular immune molecules, such as IFN- and CD4+ T-lymphocytes, reflect the levels of effector molecules involved in the humoral immune response, such as memory B cells and neutralizing antibodies (26). ABO blood typing was performed using a test-tube method according to the manufacturers protocol (Chengdu Xiehe Ltd., Co., Chengdu, China). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal 2022 Aug 15;369:577901. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2022.577901. The retailer is being called out over its strict security measures. xhr.send(payload); Copyright 2023 Yuan, Xu, Ma, Chen, Wang, Wang, Jing, Zhang, Wang, Yan, Zhang, Zhao and Li. Those who are O-negative may be the least likely to get COVID. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.12.083, 6. doi:10.1111/ane.13451 Heterologous versus homologous COVID-19 booster vaccination in previous recipients of two doses of CoronaVac COVID-19 vaccine in Brazil (RHH-001): A phase 4, non-inferiority, single blind, randomised study. Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on LinkedIn. } else { Blood type, the researchers found, stood out as a potential key difference between the two groups. Many COVID-19 . Bestlifeonline.com is part of the Meredith Health Group. As of Dec. 24, there were more than 700,000 reports of adverse events . BM and JZ collected data and YL reviewed the manuscript. To analyze the changes in neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses over time, we used a mixed linear model with continuous natural log10-transformed cellular immune response data or the log2-transformed concentration of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein between days 1 and 240 as the dependent variable; age, sex, body mass index (BMI), occupation, vaccination mode, duration since the second dose, interval between doses of vaccination, and ABO blood were included as covariates in the models. But VWF also . Recombinant protein subunit vaccine booster following two-dose inactivated vaccines dramatically enhanced anti-RBD responses and neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern. All studies so far have only looked at blood type in connection to symptomatic cases of coronavirus, Dr. Aronoff points out. The pituitary gland in SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccinations, and post-COVID syndrome. That's why people are observed for at least 15 minutes after receiving the vaccine with epinephrine at the ready. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Henan Provincial Peoples Hospital. NJ, BW, QiZ, and JZ analyzed the immune data of the participants. 2021;144(1):109110. Vaccines are still important, as are smart choices to protect yourself from germs. Medpage Today is among the federally registered trademarks of MedPage Today, LLC and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission. If youre type O, you naturally make antibodies against Type A and Type B, Dr. Udden says. Wu F, Yuan Y, Deng Z, Yin D, Shen Q, Zeng J, et al. J Clin Transl Res. 2021 Oct 11;76:e3286. Molly Walker is deputy managing editor and covers infectious diseases for MedPage Today. doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200928-01013, 5. Some research findings have suggested that people with blood types A and AB are more susceptible to contracting COVID-19,. "Blood group O is significantly associated with reduced susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Cytokine levels and lymphocyte subset counts were measured using flow cytometry (Beamcyte-1026; Changzhou Beamdiag Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China). "Up to 10 percent of people who have COVID experience side effects such as . We found that participants with a longer interval between vaccination doses (4056 days) had higher levels of neutralizing antibodies than those with a shorter interval (2140 days). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: A scoping review. The .gov means its official. Neurological side effects occur with any of the approved vaccines but VST particularly occurs after vaccination with vector-based vaccines. The duration of the immune response was determined for each participant as the time interval between the date of blood collection and that of the second dose of the vaccine. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that participants aged >50 years had lower reactive IFN- levels and B-lymphocyte counts than those aged 1830 years (Tables36, Figures3AG; Tables S8S15) (B = 0.15, p = 0.03; B = 0.04, p = 0.036, respectively) (Tables3, 5; Figures3A, D). On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . Because each set underwent nine comparisons, significance for individual comparisons was set at P=0.006, meaning none of these associations were significant, they wrote in JAMA Network Open. 14:1107866. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107866. Our findings could provide evidence for an appropriate vaccination strategy against COVID-19. Microbiol Spectr (2022) 10:e0118121. A higher IL-6 level was associated with older age, mixed-manufacturer vaccinations, intervals of less than 40 days between two doses of vaccination, and medical staff. What You Need to Know Other neurological side effects occur in a much lower frequency. Would you like email updates of new search results? 2021 Sep 2;17(9):2957-2958. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1922061. Third, because of limited resources, we could not perform pseudo-virus neutralization tests of neutralizing antibodies against COVID-19 (27). Associations were observed between blood type and production of neutralizing antibodies and IFN-. Results: Most participants [582/595; 146 male participants, 449 female participants; mean age 35 (2650 years)] rapidly developed neutralizing antibodies after two doses of the vaccine administered 3-weeks apart. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Side effects can be a powerful deterrent stopping people from getting vaccinated. Ackah BBB, Woo M, Stallwood L, Fazal ZA, Okpani A, Ukah UV, et al. An updated review of the scientific literature on the origin of SARS-CoV-2. Table2 Factors associated with the neutralization antibody concentration after the administration of the Chinese inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. These antibodies can also bind to and activate platelets, priming them to clump together and trigger clotting. Whether mild or severe, data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), has shown that women are bearing the brunt of vaccine reactions, and experts believe it may be due to . Interestingly, individuals with blood type A produced lower amounts of IFN- at 180240 days after vaccination and had lower neutralizing antibodies at 114 days than those with blood type B. Eur J Med Res. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00680-0, 27. Vaccines are safe and effective at lowering the risk of getting sick and dying from COVID-19. Pain at the injection site, alongside redness and/or swelling Extended fatigue Headaches Widespread muscle pain Joint pain Chills Fever Nausea and vomiting According to current FDA publications,. A review of neurological side effects of COVID-19 vaccination. navigator.sendBeacon('https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', payload); eCollection 2021. Blood type is not associated with a severe worsening of symptoms in people who have tested positive for COVID-19, report Harvard Medical School researchers based at Massachusetts General Hospital. Data are presented as mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) from the linear mixed-effects model adjusted for vaccine manufacturer, sex, blood type, age, occupation, and BMI. The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The log2-transformed level of neutralizing antibodies was used as the independent variable. Figure1 Study profile. Blood type may influence other infections, as well. She is a 2020 J2 Achievement Award winner for her COVID-19 coverage. In the case of the two mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, well over 90% of . The log-transformed level of interferon-gamma, CD4+ T-cell count, B-lymphocyte count, and IL-6 level were used as independent variables. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01420-3, 15. Clinics (Sao Paulo). Pour en savoir plus sur la faon dont nous utilisons vos donnes personnelles, veuillez consulter notre politique relative la vie prive et notre politique en matire de cookies. This may be due to the increased exposure of medical staff to patients with COVID-19 compared to people in other occupations. The results were notable: Adjusting for demographics and co-morbidities, the risk for a COVID-19 diagnosis was 12 percent lower for people with type O blood and the risk for severe COVID-19 or death was 13 percent lower, compared to those with A, AB, or B blood types. Type O blood, the most common in the U.S., provides some protection against COVID. Therefore, the mixing of vaccine brands between doses was considered a feasible strategy to complete the entire course of basic immunization with two doses of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Some women who received a Covid-19 vaccines have reported irregularities in their period following the shot, including heavier bleeding. why people on blood thinners shouldn't get the vaccine. COVID-19 vaccines can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including: Pain, redness or swelling where the shot was given Fever Fatigue Headache Muscle pain Chills Joint pain Nausea and vomiting Swollen lymph nodes Feeling unwell Most side effects go away in a few days. A total of 1,350 serum samples were collected from 595 participants (Figure1), of whom 457 (76.8%) were medical staff and 138 (23.2%) were workers of the Henan Electric Power Exploration Company in central China. Even DNA testing company 23andMe tapped their customers and found that among 750,000 people who were diagnosed and hospitalized for Covid (this was prior to vaccines), those with type O were more protected. Type B Negative. The most common adverse effect was fatigue (n = 4), followed by fever (n = 2), injection site pain (n = 4), malaise (n = 4), rash (n = 4), and pruritus (n = 3). People with Type O blood might be slightly more protected from the virus, and people with Type A slightly more vulnerable. Very common side effects in the . As with all vaccines, side effects may occur after getting the COVID-19 vaccine. Si vous ne souhaitez pas que nos partenaires et nousmmes utilisions des cookies et vos donnes personnelles pour ces motifs supplmentaires, cliquez sur Refuser tout. Type O blood, the most common in the U.S., provides some protection against COVID. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi (2021) 44:49296. In fact, the findings suggest that people with blood type A face a 50 percent greater risk of needing oxygen support or a ventilator should they become infected with the novel coronavirus. doi:10.1080/14760584.2021.1971523, 13. } However, according to the data, a tiny. Wong MCS, Wong ELY, Huang J, Cheung AWL, Law K, Chong MKC, et al. 2021;76:e3286. (AC) Kinetics of interferon-gamma levels according to (A) age, (B) blood type, and (C) occupation. Use or keep moving your arm. Patient characteristics and reactions to the COVID-19 vaccines are shown in Table 1. CNN . Researchers in China first shared this idea in March 2020, and the findings were echoed by a paper out of Columbia University a month later. The discovery of Type Os protective effect is crucial to building an understanding of how the virus works. "Rh blood type was protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially for those who were O-negative," they wrote. Occupation was another contributing factor, as the medical staff produced one-fold more neutralizing antibodies than the workers during the 1240 days after vaccination (B = 1.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 0.55; p < 0.001; Table2; Figure2D). Effectiveness of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection during the delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge in India: A test-negative, case-control study and a mechanistic study of post-vaccination immune responses. Research in other countries has shown that the antibody titer of individuals vaccinated with a different type of vaccine 28 days after the first vaccination was higher than that of individuals vaccinated with a vaccine from the same manufacturer for both doses, without an increase in adverse reactions (14). Among them, Beijing Kexing Zhongwei, Beijing Kexing, Beijing Biology, Lanzhou Biology, Wuhan Biology, and Changchun Biology produce the inactivated vaccine type for a vaccination program of two doses at an interval of 38 weeks. After the administration of the inactivated vaccine, the GMC of neutralizing antibodies decreased from 50.2 IU/mL on day 30 to 17.7 IU/mL (average decrease: 32.3%) and 13.3 IU/mL (average decrease: 25.9%) on days 180 and 240, respectively, representing an average monthly decrease of 10.1% (Figure2B). You experience shortness of breath or swelling of the lips or face. From days 31 to 240, there was a slight decrease in the GMC of neutralizing antibodies in both groups. In cases of severe adverse events, the investigator contacted the participant, and the intensity of adverse events was graded according to the adverse events severity scale as follows: 1, mild; 2, moderate; 3, severe; or 4, life-threatening. In China, the latter three have been approved and are produced by eight manufacturers. Careers. BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine and correlates of humoral immune responses and dynamics: A prospective, single-centre, longitudinal cohort study in health-care workers. Disclaimer. Lancet (2021) 398:12130. This type of side effect most commonly occurs within the first hour of when the vaccine is given and usually immediately after. There's no known connection between blood types and side effects from COVID-19 vaccines. Front. Shes most passionate about hiking, traveling, mindfulness, cooking, and really, really good coffee. The signs are trouble breathing, swelling of the face and throat, rash, and low blood pressure. The American Red Cross reports that 8 percent of white Americans, 4 percent of African-Americans, 4 percent of Latinx-Americans, and 1 percent of Asian-Americans are O-negative. Either way, that would color how likely you are to not only get the virus but also how strong your symptoms are, he explains. } ); Interested candidates contacted one of the study institutions directly; at this point, a personal interview was scheduled to explain the study and verify the selection criteria. Neurological autoimmune diseases following vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2: a case series. INTRODUCTION The goal of this study was to evaluate the side effects of application of the Pfizer BioNTech vaccine on the workers at a Mexican hospital. Other neurological side effects occur in a much lower frequency. Nous, Yahoo, faisons partie de la famille de marques Yahoo. This content includes information from experts in their field and is fact-checked to ensure accuracy. COVID19 vaccination acceptance among healthcare workers and nonhealthcare workers in China: a survey. Cell Res (2022) 32:1036. Most participants rapidly developed neutralizing antibodies after two doses of the Chinese COVID-19 inactivated vaccine administered 3 weeks apart. Lancet Respir Med (2022) 10:73948. xhr.open('POST', 'https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', true); Finally, individuals with certain occupations, including workers, especially older individuals and men, had low levels of antibodies and had weakened cellular immune responses following the second dose compared to their counterparts, suggesting that a longer gap between vaccine doses, which is a strategy in effect in some countries, should be re-evaluated, especially for more susceptible populations. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2027187, Keywords: cellular immune response, COVID-19, inactive vaccine, kinetics, neutralizing antibody, Citation: Yuan Y, Xu J, Ma B, Chen G, Wang Z, Wang S, Jing N, Zhang J, Wang B, Yan W, Zhang Q, Zhao Q and Li Y (2023) Characteristics of humoral and cellular responses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) inactivated vaccine in central China: A prospective, multicenter, longitudinal study. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Based on their data, the Novavax vaccine has a significantly lower rate of side effects compared to the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines. These quick trivia tidbits will help you kill your boredom and impress your friends. Latest research and advice on side effects and allergic reactions related to COVID-19 vaccines. Front Neurol. YY and JX designed the study, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. COVID-19 vaccine guidelines was numerous in quantity but many lack transparent reporting of methodological practices. This type of swelling is a normal reaction to the vaccine and will typically occur on the same side as the arm where the shot was given, said Dr. Geeta Swamy, a maternal-fetal medicine specialist . O and Rh-negative blood types may already have COVID-19 antibodies. In addition, people who are Black, who have died at a disproportionately high rate from Covid, tend to have higher levels of VWF, too. -, Wang MW, Wen W, Wang N, et al. This weird trivia you didn't know about the world will blow you away. SARS-CoV-2 and adverse reactions to SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations show a tropism for neuronal structures and tissues. Fujigaki H, Yamamoto Y, Koseki T, Banno S, Ando T, Ito H, et al. We know the Covid virus damages the lining of your blood vessels. The patients/participants provided their written informed consent to participate in this study. We know the Covid virus damages the lining of your blood vessels. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3286. IntroductionIn China, the long-term immunogenicity and adverse effects of inactivated vaccines produced by different or the same manufacturer remain unclear. The median age at vaccination was 35 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 2850) for those administered a vaccine of the same manufacturer (control) and 33 years (IQR: 2150) for those administered vaccines from different manufacturers (intervention) (Table1). Possible side effects: Pain, redness, or swelling at the site where the shot was administered, and/or tiredness, headache, muscle pain, chills, fever, or nausea throughout the rest of the body. 38 Articles, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107866, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107866/full#supplementary-material, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Immunol. Safety and reactogenicity of a liquid formulation of human rotavirus vaccine (porcine circovirus-free): A phase III, observer-blind, randomized, multi-country study. This study had limitations. This finding suggests that cellular immune responses lasted longer than humoral responses in the vaccinated population. First-line lorlatinib or crizotinib in advanced ALK-positive lung cancer. Saur D, ORyan M, Torres JP, Zuniga M, Santelices E, Basso LJ. Healthcare professionals, particularly neurologists involved in the management of patients having undergone SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations, should be aware of these side effects and should stay vigilant to recognize them early and treat them adequately. JAMA (2021) 326:204354. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. doi:10.2144/fsoa-2021-0045, 18. To date, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a newly emerging infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected over 600 million people worldwide and killed over 6 million people (1, 2). Li JX, Wu SP, Guo XL, Tang R, Huang BY, Chen XQ, et al. doi:10.1002/jmv.27825, 10. Many people have reported side effects, such as headache, fatigue, and soreness at the injection site, that are generally mild to moderate and go away within a few days. Huang W, Shao X, Wagner AL, Chen Y, Guan B, Boulton ML, et al. Parameters of cell immune responses were evaluated by quantifying the levels of interferon (IFN)-, interleukin (IL)-6, and CD4, and counts of B-lymphocyte subsets in the plasma after overnight stimulation of whole blood with 2 g/mL SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides (Wuhan Huamei Biotechnology Ltd., Co., Wuhan, China) or dimethyl sulfoxide in whole-blood culture as a control, requiring only 2 mL blood (14). Costa Clemens SA, Weckx L, Clemens R, Almeida Mendes AV, Ramos Souza A, Silveira MBV, et al. It is COVID infection, and the growing evidence of persistent symptoms from what has become known as "long COVID," that are the most troubling unknown out there, Goepfert says. When a vaccine is injected, the body's immune response jumps into action, responding to the presence of a foreign entity. Side effects after getting a #COVID19 vaccine are normal signs your body is building protection. Patients with type O and rhesus negative (Rh-) blood groups may have a lower risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) illness, according to a study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine. The participants in the study (mixed-manufacturer vaccination for the two doses) and control (same-manufacturer vaccination for both doses) groups remained in local community health centers for at least 30min after vaccination to monitor safety, and the occurrence of any adverse event during this observation period was recorded. The severity of the COVID-19 disease Recent data suggests that people with blood type A have a significantly higher risk of acquiring COVID-19 than non-A blood types. The most frequent neurological side effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are headache, Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), venous sinus thrombosis (VST), and transverse myelitis. Wang Z, Liu H, Li Y, Luo X, Yang N, Lv M, et al. For a March study out of the Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, China, scientists tracked the blood types of nearly 2,200 COVID-19 patients in Chinese hospitals, along with those of about 27,000 individuals who didn't have COVID-19 in the same areas. Follow. J Clin Epidemiol (2022) 144:16372. afficher des publicits et des contenus personnaliss en fonction de vos profils de centres dintrt; mesurer lefficacit des publicits et contenus personnaliss; et. Additional research has buttressed the possibility of a link. Reactogenicity analysis was based on solicited adverse events in 425 and 143 participants from the control and intervention groups, respectively, 30 days after vaccination. Parums DV. The study complied with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice, and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Henan Provincial Peoples Hospital (approval number 20210051, date of approval May 24, 2021). However, in China, data on long-term immunogenicity and adverse effects of inactivated vaccines produced by different manufacturers or the same manufacturer have not been reported. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis following the COVID-19 vaccine Ad26.COV2.S, a case report. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Online ahead of print. Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boost immunisation with an orally administered aerosolised Ad5-nCoV after two-dose priming with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in Chinese adults: A randomised, open-label, single-centre trial. Reactogenicity analysis results are presented as percentage of participants. Progress and challenge of COVID-19 vaccine development. 2021;30(12):721146. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.721146 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations may not only be complicated by GBS but also by distal small fibre neuropathy. Immune cellular responses at 1240 days after the second dose of vaccine also supported the same manufacturers approach. In addition, other variables, including sex, occupation, vaccination type, and blood type, based on their natural classification, were divided into different categories. Both primary and safety analyses included all participants who received two doses of the inactivated vaccine and had suffered local and systemic adverse events for 30 consecutive days after vaccination. In contrast, people with blood type O appear to have about a 50 percent reduced risk of severe COVID-19.