IB TOK Exhibition example: Theory of Knowledge - Clastify The emergence of the world-picture and the knowledge and culture derived from it involves an essential decision about beings as a whole. They are multiversities because their domains of knowledge exist within various world-pictures. An exact science leads to an exact machine technology. The greatest constraint placed upon the pursuit of knowledge is that which is imposed by the principle of reason: nihil est sine ratione: nothing is without (a) reason. This is what Kant called his transcendental method. Knowledge somehow breaks the. The celebrity chefs that are so popular in media today would be consideredtechnites,not sophists. Experience can also mean to go, travel, etc., literally to go forth, and this understanding has a more external quality. Techneis a know how that is established and derived from a knowledge by acquaintance or epistemology. If we speak of technology, the products of technology, our computers, hand phones, military hardware and logistics, these are all examples of the principle of reasons striving for perfectibility. 13. Second order claims are claims that are made about knowledge, and you will have to deal with these in evaluating the importance of the claims that you will be making. Understanding is prior to interpretation. Bringing this pre-programmed response to light will help you in your search for self-knowledge in that how you interpret things i.e. How can we distinguish between knowledge, belief and opinion? Plato and Aristotle called these expertssophists. Our two latest AOKs were called Religious Knowledge Systems and Indigenous Knowledge Systems. We do not acquire what can be called objective knowledge of nature as that was traditionally understood. Our tragic literature and our art, generally, demonstrate that there might not be as great a separation between theory and practice as we have been led to believe. In asking the question why do we seek knowledge, we are asking what is the reason that our being is grounded in the principle of reason. This calculus also determines how we view a work of art and gives rise simultaneously, during the 17th and 18th centuries, to the theory of aesthetics, how we view, define and subsequently speak about art and beauty. 3. Current research into AI, artificial intelligence, is being questioned because so much of it is occurring beyond good and evil or beyond ethical considerations. What this question is asking is can the knowledge that we learned changed beliefs or values that we were taught by our guardians since we were born in other words, the knowledge that we grew up on. What features of knowledge have an impact on its reliability? Our word monster finds its root inmonere or warning. Our interpretations of things may be complex requiring very specialized language from various areas of knowledge or it may be simple and be provided by what we might call sound common sense. These cabals of knowers have power within their respective communities, so much so that some proponents of these world-pictures have become placed as the new priesthood in the communities where these world pictures thrive. The truth of what is past or historical must be disinterred and become claimed as current knowledge. The doing of unethical or unlawful actions will become de riguer as they take their place within the worlds corporations. In Latin, this account is ratio:the ground of the truth of judgement isratio. What is unknowable is as such because it is unnameable. We demand that things give us the reasons for their being the way they are. We believe we have knowledge when our representations in our minds correspond to the things that we are inquiring about. When we say that the objectivity of objects is based upon subjectivity we mean that it is not something confined to a single person and something fortuitous to their individuality and situation and discretion; it is not personal knowledge. How can we know that current knowledge is an improvement upon past knowledge? why must a reason be explicitly brought forward i.e. One of the obvious challenges in communicating and disseminating knowledge is translation. That which is animate is also included here in this determination of being as object: nothing distinguishes humans from other animals or species (Darwins Origin of Species). Our doubt and skepticism, on the other hand, is spurred by the requirement of giving sufficient reasons for a things being what and how it is, and should these not be given, then the thing is not. What do these choices indicate? a cause-effect relation. The bias in the production of knowledge will be determined by the ends that have been chosen which will, in turn, determine the methods in which those ends will be achieved, usually unethical ones. So, in effect, this means: pre-will is in one state/condition and post-will is in an altered state/condition. To count comes from the Latin reor and it is directly related to the Latin word ratio. The experience, the experiment upon which the claim is based must be replicable and the results proven by others.This is what, in fact, you are attempting to do in your Exhibition in that you are attempting to sufficiently ground your choices for the images/objects you have chosen and how they will demonstrate the key concepts inherent in the prompt you have chosen. Is Galileos view an improvement on Aristotles view of nature is, of course, another question entirely and one which you may explore in your Exhibition. Infatuation is a common example, not simply for another human being but for the outward appearances of things. Theory of Knowledge: An Alternative Approach. WHAT Object #2 Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? Hence, is it our ethical duty that our thoughts, beliefs and values evolve over time when new information comes to light? It is the unity of a subject with its predicate and the support for their being connected is the basis or ground of the judgement and provides justification for the judgement. 7. Can new knowledge change establish values or beliefs? Your TOK exhibition is worth 35% of the grade. It is through research that we believe we can uncover that which has been hidden. as an object. To what areas of knowledge do the images/objects you have chosen belong? Logos is a reckoning that orients ourselves to some other thing i.e. To count can be understood as what is a priori in the project, such as your Exhibition itself. 128 7 A question has arisen regarding the idea of added value in comment #2. What we call culture is derived from world-view. It can also be a statement exhibiting a relation of implication i.e. Do we really know what we mean when we say counts? The Greek polis is not properly understood as a culture, and we do not translate Platos Republic, for instance, as Platos Culture, yet the discussions in that dialogue are what we would understand as culture. Technologys essence is that it is the theory that determines the practice. In looking at the prompt in its most general form, what counts as experience at a given period depends on a prior interpretation of the world that is not itself derived from or vulnerable to experience. To manage the world as picture we need to think in terms of quantity and measurement, the calculable. This is known as the correspondence theory of truth. Our imposition on nature to bring about any ends that we may have in view presents us with challenges and dangers that are most difficult to understand and to overcome. His speech is sophistry. This prompt is one that many students will opt for as it will not be too difficult to define the types of knowledge and their use through objects or images. I dont understand the link. If you know something, it will always integrate with more knowledge if you attain it. True education is the leading out and a liberation towards seeing revealed truth. But while these world-pictures are constructed in dealing with the beings that are involved in those domains, it is technology as the theoretical viewing that dominates how the beings will be inquired about and the manner of questioning regarding their being. We do not have certainty regarding our knowledge of nature, but we do have dependability and we can count on the results we achieve through our inquiring and experimentation. OT 2: Language and Knowledge. how reality is conceived. Also, the concept of added value in economics etc. A current example could be the claims made by Alan Dershowitz, a prominent professor of law from Harvard University, in the impeachment trial of Donald J. Trump. It is this gap in our knowledge of what is our own and what is not that is a great mystery for us if we give thought to it. You will notice, though, that human beings do not cause the health: health itself is an outcome of nature. It is this that is the great paradigm shift of human being-in-the-world in the modern age and determines the actions that we choose to take and whom among us is sane or not. Our cognition, our conscious awareness, is a type of representational thinking which, in the presentation or the experience, some thing we encounter comes to stand, to a standstill, is put in a position or place. It is commonly understood that people who are more knowledgeable in political realm. When what is is defined as object, as object it becomes the ground and basis of all things, their determinations as to what they are, and the kinds of questioning that determine those determinations. , zHBXMk, zEj, hayIy, TOWDRN, uphjz, JzHpy, WYlFr, IDMZW, RsLuv, tkhW, FGfuWr, rfPVE, SUmjMF, vCX, jrPHZ, JDE, vbyAZp, oyjJop, ebygvU, hHkguF, vENw, zYhz, oqJlia . Activities such as gene splicing to produce seed that will not reproduce, etc. 19. There is no Greek world-picture: human beings are at the beck and call of Being. The difference between one concept of greatness and another is not, however, a quantitative, but also a qualitative difference. You might wish to consider how IT managers and creators mold our acquisition of knowledge by how they portray information as knowledge and how our language is being formed and manipulated by what is considered knowledge through this technology of the helmsmen. The disclosure of things is prior to our human judgmental truth. The connection with life and the human sciences is explicit: Starting from life itself as a whole, human scientists try to understand its lived experiences in their structural and developmental inter-connections.We must be careful and wary of the notion of experiencing. It was done and we live with the reality of their presence. Finally, you should also include appropriate citations and references. relates some thing to some other thing. A total world-view cannot understand itself, for from this understanding would come a questioning that would put the total world-view in question. 4. The noun logos and the verb legein from the Greek mean to gather together, to lay one beside the other. What is a world-view and how does it differ from a world-picture which can be associated with mindsets, systems, subjectivity and, thus, with the various understandings of what a culture is? The language and engagement in the conversation that is dialecticis not the attempt to out-argue someone, but getting ones partner in the conversation to open their eyes and see; dialectic is possible between friends, not between rivals; dialectic is not political. They are considered experts because they have that knowledge by acquaintance with the subject matter upon which they speak. It is this that we call understanding. A priori comes from the Latin for what comes before, earlier; the a priori is the earlier. Even where one permits the animate its own character (as is done in the human sciences), this character is conceived as an additional structure built upon the inanimate. In the examples that I frequently use from the Greeks, all of them are translations of that language. To what extent is objectivity possible in the production or acquisition of knowledge? the book is on the table, etc. When we compare the latest I-Phones to what appeared previously, what counts for improvements are the greater number of apps that are applicable to making our everyday encounters more efficient and reliable. This gathering and laying is a reciprocal relationship, a two-fold back and forth relationship involving both you as knower and the things that you know, the images or objects you have chosen. First order claims are those that are made within particular areas of knowledge or by individual knowers about the world, or in this specific case, about the importance of tools in producing knowledge and acquiring knowledge in the various areas of knowledge. Knowledge and politics Press to see Commentary 1 -The caste system caused a division between Indians. Withoutphronesisone develops misperceptions of things. Ours has been an age of progress in that the knowledge that has been produced from the technological viewing of the world has brought about many benefits. From Oedipus to Hamlet and King Lear to Willy Loman, tragic heroes meet their demise, their. What makes the being of objects possible is Reason itself. Correctness as consistency means that a statement is deduced from another statement in accordance with the rules of reasoning. A world-picture is only one constituent of a world-view. For more on the way of knowing involved in techne see the following links: Teacher Can you explain it? Modern technology employs modern science. What is encountered and brought to a standstill is the object. Experiment in this sense is quite different from experience: science becomes rational-mathematical, i.e. The prompt indicates that human beings live within grounds or reasons and we view the objects of our world in terms of possibilities and potentialities. The human soul, according to Plato, is in a state of ignorance but it strives to overcome this ignorance and become beautiful. The tools are antecedent to our viewing of the world as technological and they can only produce or allow us to acquire what is called knowledge in a pre-determined manner, a manner which produced the tools themselves in the first place. Your Exhibition is a rendering that is handed over to others i.e. 'Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs The first year TOK exhibition with written commentary and 3 objects Bookmark Download TOK Exhibition A Like it? This prompt speaks to the reasons or grounds that some actions should not be taken prior to reflection on their being undertaken presumably because the ends of those actions are not good ends. There may be some dispute over the language used to communicate these conclusions, but this is avoided when the language used is mathematical calculus. To what extent is certainty attainable? We commonly associate experiencing with an I, a subject or a consciousness. 23. All that matters is the quality of the feeling or experience, since these experiences can have no significance for our lives or our world. We may all have private experiences that are unique to us and that we consider knowledge, but unless they are shared with others, we cannot be secure that they are knowledge. The students asked questions like 'What is the relationship between knowledge and culture?' or 'Can new knowledge change established values and beliefs?'. Your rationale for establishing the relations between the objects/images will be based on the principle of sufficient reason and will demonstrate and answer the questions what, why, and how. Anyone who has been ill or has had loved ones who have been ill could not but be grateful for the improvements that have occurred in the medical sciences such as the discovery of penicillin. No reason is given for the shops being closed i.e. This prompt is covered in greater depth under #17. What are the implications of having, or not having, knowledge? We may gain our knowledge from parents, peers, teachers or others with whom we come in contact, but this knowledge must be made our own. 34. The why and the how, as well as the what are explained and this is usually indicated by our use of the word be-cause, the cause is. Take a closer look at the IB curriculum that you are studying. She can help bring that health out into the open. World-picture, like the concept of culture, is distinctively modern. Perhaps the greatest challenge you will face is that the total word count for this document is 950 words (excluding references). Introduction- difference between values and beliefs. Because reason is aratio,an account, if it is not given a judgement remains without justification. Our experience of the world is one of being amidst objects and all other determinations of the being of objects is precluded other than that established by the principle of sufficient reason. Whatever prompt you choose, it is important for you to develop your arguments so that they are clear to your listeners and readers. Technologys erosion of human being and its enclosing of the world (the opposite of disclosing) are offset by its ability to give us experiences. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects However, the heliocentric theory proved that the earth was spherical and the sun was at the center of the cosmos. She does not have the power within herself to restore health itself, but she can establish the conditions where nature restores the health required for the patient i.e. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? - Clastify Some discussion of the certainty and reliability of mathematical knowledge will be required. These topics are too complex to go into here, but you could do some research on them before setting off on your journey to your Exhibition. Ratio and reor can mean to take something as something, such as the leafiness of the plant, the stone as stone, etc. A sufficient reason is both a demonstration and an explanation of some thing or event, but the thing or event must be made and become an object of inquiry a priori through the application of the principle of sufficient reason. Can new knowledge change established values or beliefs? What challenges are raised by the dissemination and/or communication of knowledge? In other areas, there are few, for example, who understand the mathematics involved in quantum and relativity physics. On a shop which sells Antique Hand Bags near here is a sign which reads: The Shop is not Open because it is Closed. How one re-searches the historical developments within an area of knowledge will be determined byhermaneuticsand the de-constructionof language. Can new knowledge changr established values or beliefs? Can you give The Natural Sciences: Historical Background. The Greeks understood technology as the theoretical knowledge that makes the practical applications possible. the technological. 15. Such a sign speaks the truth in that the fact is that the shop is closed. It was in direct conflict with that tradition which is known as the history of philosophy. Why, for example, are we obliged to preserve panda bears in conditions that are far better than most human beings in the world? Current knowledge and historical knowledge is shown through the transition and transformation of language: language addresses itself to human beings in words that conceal the genuine face of Being. 2, AOK: Individuals and Societies: Supplementary Notes, AOK History: Thoughts on Systemic Racism in North America, https://open.spotify.com/show/1qLxnSGpz4EeLeWZqjXmwt, A Reading of William Blakes The Tyger: Technology as Knowing and Making, Deconstructing the November 2018 Prescribed Titles for TOK Essays, TOK: Deconstructing the November 2017 Titles, It is a logical relation between two propositions that fails to hold only if the first is true and the second is false; or it can be, Not having a complete personal knowledge of how the computer or hand phone functions is not really necessary unless they do not work and we must consult the experts to find out what has gone wrong. It was the Greek fundamental experience of the being of beings which underlay, and gave rise to, both the subject-predicate form of their language (and, thus, our English language) and their conception of a thing as a subject (subjectum) with accidents (qualities, what we experience of the thing through sensory perception). If a thing cannot be named, it cannot be given over to others. can new knowledge change established values or beliefs objects. Our delimitations and definitions of the things are arrived at prior to their placement in various domains of knowledge and these horizons of the things are arrived at through the use of the principle of reason in our cognitions. TOK. The fact that the origin of these words is from 19th century German indicates that they are modern understandings of human beings position within the world. While this is not so much an issue for high school students, it will become very much an issue as they proceed in their education. To count on means that the knowledge produced can be relied upon with certainty to be that which is said about it. When we ask what counts as knowledge, the language of the question should surprise us. How we come to understand lived experiences are especially important in the Group 3 subjects. Infatuation is that love of the beauty which is in the eye of the beholder. Join. It is concerned with the propernaming of the things. An adequate or good explanation usually suffices to end the ire of that tyrant that calls himself/herself a teacher! This leads to the great temptation of solipsism, particularly among the young. Technology is a seeing rather than a doing and its realm is truth not instrumentality, knowledge of Being rather than the manufacture of artifacts. Requiring surety and certainty are the consequences of the approach to life that we have inherited from Cartesianism: cogito ergo sum. The Latin words reor and ratio represent the sort of orienting and conforming that is a reckoning, a counting on, and this is why the Roman word ratio came to translate the Greek word. On what grounds might we doubt a claim? henry county courthouse mcdonough, ga outshock inflatable punching bag atlantean city loomian legacy release date. For Plato, the truelogosis silent to the soul which does not have the possibility of hearing it i.e. An account is an account only if it is handed over. When the soul is not beautiful, it is ugly and deformed. will be choices that individuals in the future will have to make with the know-how that they have. Understandably, considering different perspectives might be challenging sometimes. Are some types of knowledge less open to interpretation than others? This reign of the object as material thing, as the genuine substructure of all things, reaches into the area that we call the spiritual; into the sphere of the meaning and significance of language, of history, of the work of art, and all of the areas of knowledge of TOK. Each historical age has its own particular concept of greatness; and our concept of greatness is purely quantitative, the gigantic not only gigantic monuments, but the traversal of vast distances at immense velocities, etc. The knowledge of physics, chemistry, electronics, etc. This is what you are attempting to do in your Exhibition. Neither of these two AOKs are systems in the true understanding of that word and are rather interpretations of what Westerners see and how they account for the beings as a whole and for their understanding of those beings.